Glutathione and growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthy and HIV infected subjects

doi:10.1186/1742-6405-3-5

AIDS Research and Therapy

Volume 3

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Venketaraman V
Rodgers T
Linares R
Reilly N
Swaminathan S
Hom D
Millman AC
Wallis R
Connell ND

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Venketaraman V
Rodgers T
Linares R
Reilly N
Swaminathan S
Hom D
Millman AC
Wallis R
Connell ND
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Glutathione and growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthy and HIV infected subjects

Vishwanath Venketaraman¹^,2^,3^,4^,5^,6 , Tatanisha Rodgers¹^,4^,6 , Rafael Linares⁶ , Nancy Reilly¹^,4^,6 , Shobha Swaminathan¹^,4^,6 , David Hom²^,6 , Ariel C Millman¹^,4^,6 , Robert Wallis¹^,4^,6^,7 and Nancy D Connell¹^,2^,3^,4^,5^,6

¹Division of Infectious Diseases, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

²Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Pathogens, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

³National Tuberculosis Center, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

⁴Department of Medicine, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

⁵Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

⁶New Jersey Medical School, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA

⁷PPD, 1213 N Street NW, Apt. A, Washington DC 20005, USA

author email corresponding author email

AIDS Research and Therapy 2006, 3:5doi:10.1186/1742-6405-3-5


Published:	20 February 2006

Abstract

Intracellular levels of glutathione are depleted in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom the risk of tuberculosis, particularly disseminated disease is many times that of healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the role of glutathione in immunity against tuberculosis infection in samples derived from healthy and human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects. Our studies confirm that glutathione levels are reduced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in red blood cells isolated from human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects (CD4>400/cumm). Furthermore, treatment of blood cultures from human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects with N-acetyl cysteine, a glutathione precursor, caused improved control of intracellular M. tuberculosis infection. N-acetyl cysteine treatment decreased the levels of IL-1, TNF-α, and IL-6, and increased the levels of IFN-γ in blood cultures derived from human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects, promoting the host immune responses to contain M. tuberculosis infection successfully.